FORMAT OF TOEFL EXAMS
Section 1: Listening Comprehension
Part A: Short conversations. The
conversations are between two people. After each conversation, a third voice
will ask a question about what was said. You must find the answer to the
question in the test book.
Part B: Longer conversations. The
conversations are between two people. After each conversation, a third voice
will ask some questions about what was said. You must find the answer to the
question in the test book.
Part C: Oral readings. These may be about any
subject. There are several questions about each reading or conversation. You
must find the answer to the question in the test book.
A PATTERNED PLAN OF ATTACK
Part A: Multiple choice answers to complete
sentences. You must choose the best way to complete the sentence in formal written English.
Part B: Sentences have four words or phrases
underlined. You must choose the one underlined part that is incorrect in formal written English.
Samples:
1. In the past 200 years, the earth’s atmosphere __________
enriched in carbon dioxide.
(A)
becoming
(B)
have become
(C)
becomes
(D) has become
The answer is (D). The present perfect tense is usually used
with the phrase in the past + [time]
(e.g., in the past 3 weeks, in the past 2 hours).
2.
In some religions, people fasts for a period of mourning.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
The answer is (B). Because people is a plural noun, the verb fast should reflect the plural subject.
3. None of the nutrients in soil _________ found in sand.
(A)
are usually
(B)
that is usually
(C)
is usually
(D) typically
The answer is (C). None is the singular subject of this
sentence, and the verb should also be the singular is.
4.
Many old elephants they die after they lose their teeth
and can no longer chew food.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
The answer is (A). Having both Many old elephants and they
causes the sentences to have a repeated subject.
5. Most countries spend a large portion of their budgets
__________ for their citizens.
(A)
education provided
(B)
provide education
(C)
to education provides
(D) providing education
The answer is (D). The sentence can be correctly completed
by the gerund phrase providing education.
None of the other three choices would form a grammatical sentence.
6. A adult elephant has so little hair that it
appears almost hairless.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
The answer is (A). The correct form of the indefinite
article before a word that begins with a vowel (a, i, e, o, or u) is an.
A PATTERNED PLAN OF ATTACK
Section
3: Reading Comprehension
You must read
selections in the test book and answer questions based on what is stated or implied in the readings.
TIPS: HOW TO DEAL WITH THE WORDS YOU DON’T UNDERSTAND
Example 1:
The mayfly is a dainty insect with lacy
wings and a slender, forked tail that trails behind it in flight.
In this sentence, there are several words you may not know:
dainty, lacy, slender, forked, and trails. However, the number of words that
you don’t understand is sufficient (enough) for you to understand what the
sentence is about:
The mayfly is a ---------- insect with ---------- wings and
a ----------, ---------- tail that ---------- behind it in flight.
This sentence is a description of an insect that can fly and
has a tail.
The same technique can also help you figure out meanings of
more complex sentences by looking at the same meanings of word parts, for
example:
Example 2:
Coastal areas dilute and filter out
large amounts of waterborne pollutants, protecting the quality of waters used
for swimming and fishing and as wildlife habitats.
With this sentence, if you simply skip over the words or
parts of words that you do not understand, you might have:
Coast-- areas ------ and ------ out large amounts of
water----- pollut---s, protecting the ------ of waters used for swimming and
fishing and as wildlife --------.
Even with several important words in this sentence omitted,
it is still possible to figure out that “coast (take) out large amounts of
water pollution, protecting the waters used for swimming, fishing, and
wildlife.” This is the basic idea of the sentence. However, there are several
key words that you must know to understand the sentence: coast, pollution, protect, and possibly wildlife .
A PATTERNED PLAN OF ATTACK
A
SUCCESSFUL OVERALL APPROACH
Many who take the TOEFL don’t get the
score that they are entitled to because they spend too much time dwelling on
hard questions, leaving insufficient time to answer the easy questions they can
get right. Don’t let this happen to you. Use the following system in Section 2
and 3 to mark your answer sheet:
1. Answer easy questions immediately.
2. Place a”+” next to any problem that
seems solveable but is too time-consuming.
3. Place a “-“ next to any problem that
seems impossible. Act quickly. Don’t waste time deciding whether a problem is a
“+” or a “-“.
After working all the problems you can
do immediately, go back and work your “+” problems. If you finish them, try
your “-“ problems (sometimes when you come back to a problem that seemed
impossible you will suddenly realize how to solve it). Goodluck!
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